<form id="submit_control" method="post">
<button>speichern</button>
<label>Käufer:</label>
<input id="control_customer" type="text" value="">
<label>Datum:</label>
<input id="control_date" type="text" value="">
<br>
<br>
<input id="control_article" type="text" value="ljlkj">
<input id="control_quantity" type="text" size="2" maxlength="2" value="3">
<input id="control_price" type="text" size="5" maxlength="5" value="0,22">
<br>
<input id="control_article" type="text" value=",jkjjkljh">
<input id="control_quantity" type="text" size="2" maxlength="2" value="12">
<input id="control_price" type="text" size="5" maxlength="5" value="0,12">
<br>
<input id="control_article" type="text" value="ölkjlkjd">
<input id="control_quantity" type="text" size="2" maxlength="2" value="2">
<input id="control_price" type="text" size="5" maxlength="5" value="0,12">
<br>
</form>

$("form#submit_control").submit(function() {   

        var data = $("form#submit_control").serialize();
        
        $.ajax({  
                    type:   "POST",  
                    url:    "inc/check.php",  
                    data:   data,
                    dataType: "html",
                    success: function(data){
  			
                    }  
                });

var i = 0;
$('irwas').onclick(function(){
i++;
var htmlCode = '<input type="text" name="article['+i+'][name]" value="bla" />'+
'<input type="text" name="article['+i+'][price]" value="bla" />'+
'<input type="text" name="article['+i+'][wasanderes]" value="bla" />';
$('irgendeindiv').append(htmlCode).fadeIn('slow');
})